Proton pump inhibitors: prolonged intake and adverse effects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.226Keywords:
proton pump inhibitor (PPI), misuse, prolonged intake, adverse effectsAbstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used medicines in the management of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases. The perception of PPIs as relatively safe contributes to their frequent overprescription and misuse. One of the main reasons for PPIs overprescription is unjustified prophylaxis of bleeding in the course of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs therapy. Prolonged PPIs intake is associated with several adverse effects due to intestinal dysbiosis, including increased risk of GI and respiratory infections, as well as small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Other reported reactions include malabsorption of vitamins and micro- and macroelements, hypergastrinemia, neurological, cardiovascular and renal complications, and stomach cancer. The aim of this paper was to assess the scale of misuse and overuse of PPIs and to look closely on potential issues regarding prolonged PPIs’ treatment. However, during the review of the available literature, many of the analyzed studies yielded conflicting results, indicating the need for further in-depth research to draw reliable conclusions.
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