Development and optimization of gastro retentive floating tablets of dapsone for controlled release

Rushikesh Mahale; Shivraj Jadhav; Sunil Mahajan

doi:10.56782/pps.551

Published : 2025-09-01

Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)

Development and optimization of gastro retentive floating tablets of dapsone for controlled release

Rushikesh Mahale

Shivraj Jadhav

Sunil Mahajan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.551

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop and optimize gastroretentive floating tablets of dapsone using a Quality by Design approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy in leprosy treatment. The tablets were prepared by direct compression using a 3² factorial design, with HPMC K15M (150—250 mg) and NaHCO₃ (15—25 mg) as independent variables. The formulations were evaluated for compression parameters, floating characteristics, and drug release profiles, with optimization focused on floating lag time (Y1) and drug release at 12 hours (Y2) as key responses. Further studies assessed release kinetics, formulation stability, and a comparison with a marketed product. The optimized formulation (RF3), composed of 150 mg HPMC K15M and 25 mg NaHCO₃, exhibited excellent flow properties (Carr’s index: 15.25%, angle of repose: 26.84°), desirable floating behavior (lag time: 64 seconds, duration: 11.4 hours), and sustained drug release (98.4% over 12 hours). The drug release followed the Higuchi model (R² = 0.9975) with a non-Fickian transport mechanism (n = 0.75). Stability studies under accelerated conditions (40 °C/75% RH for 6 months) confirmed drug content retention of 98.24% and a consistent release profile (97.4% at 12 hours). Overall, the optimized gastroretentive floating tablet formulation demonstrated satisfactory in vitro performance and stability, suggesting promising advantages over conventional dosage forms through extended gastric retention and controlled drug release. While these findings support the potential of this novel formulation for modified dapsone delivery, comprehensive in vivo studies are necessary to validate its therapeutic benefits over existing therapies.

Keywords:

Dapsone, Gastroretentive drug delivery, Floating tablets, Quality by Design

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Mahale, R., Jadhav, S., & Mahajan, S. (2025). Development and optimization of gastro retentive floating tablets of dapsone for controlled release . Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 24(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.551

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Rushikesh Mahale

rushikeshkailasmahale@gmail.com

Affiliation:

a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:63:"Divine college of pharmacy, Satana, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.";} India

Shivraj Jadhav

Affiliation:

Department of Pharmaceutics, Shreeshakti Shaikshanik Sanstha’s Divine College of Pharmacy, Nampur Road, Satana, Nashik, Maharashtra, India –42330 India

Sunil Mahajan

Affiliation:

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shreeshakti Shaikshanik Sanstha’s Divine College of Pharmacy, Nampur Road, Satana, Nashik, Maharashtra, India –423301 India

Development and optimization of gastro retentive floating tablets of dapsone for controlled release

Rushikesh Mahale

Shivraj Jadhav

Sunil Mahajan

Abstract

Keywords:

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