Published : 2019-08-07

THE ROLE OF IMMUNE CELLS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF GRAVES' ORBITOPATHY

Anna Król

Abstract

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder causing overproduction of thyroid hormones and consequently metabolic dysfunctions. Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is the main extrathyroidal manifestation of GD. It involves inflammation and swelling of the extraocular muscles and an increase in orbital fat and connective tissue. Extensive analyses of tissue samples obtained from patients with GO indicated the role of orbital fibroblasts, T lymphocytes as well as thyrotropin and insulin–like growth factor–1 receptors in development of this disease. The inflammatory infiltration and accumulation of glycosaminoglycans leads to the development of swelling and fibrosis of periocular tissues. Despite a progress in understanding of this pathomechanism, GO still remains one of the most difficult problems of clinical endocrinology. In this paper, studies related to the immunological mechanism of GO pathogenesis and the role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of the disease have been discussed.

Keywords:

Graves’ orbitopathy, inflammation, orbital fibroblasts, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR)



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Król, A. (2019). THE ROLE OF IMMUNE CELLS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF GRAVES’ ORBITOPATHY. Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17(3), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.30

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Editorial Team
Stefana Banacha 1
02-097 Warsaw, Poland
biuletynfarmacji@wum.edu.pl
Publisher:
Medical University of Warsaw
ul. Żwirki i Wigury 61
02-091 Warszawa

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