Infrared spectroscopy applications in pharmacy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.697Keywords:
infrared (IR) spectroscopy, pharmacy, polymorphism, proteinsAbstract
IInfrared (IR) spectroscopy has become an indispensable analytical tool in the field of pharmaceutical science, providing non-destructive, rapid, and precise insight into the structural and physicochemical properties of pharmaceutical compounds. This review presents an examination of the various applications of infrared spectroscopy in the domain of pharmaceuticals, with a particular focus on four key areas: structural studies, solid form characterization, protein analysis, and polymorphism detection. In structural studies, the method is employed to identify functional groups and confirm the molecular structure of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), thereby providing vital information for the design and development of drugs. Solid form studies benefit from the ability of IR to distinguish between crystalline and amorphous phases, thus supporting formulation optimization and stability assessment. In the domain of protein analysis, infrared spectroscopy, notably Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), facilitates the investigation of protein secondary and tertiary structures, which are of considerable significance for biopharmaceuticals and protein-based therapies. Furthermore, infrared spectroscopy is of significant importance in the field of polymorphism studies, a crucial part of the pharmaceutical development process and drug quality assessment, as the occurrence of several polymorphic forms can have a considerable effect on a substance's solubility, bioavailability, and compliance. Overall, IR spectroscopy remains a powerful and versatile technique that continues to evolve to support pharmaceutical research, quality control, and regulatory compliance throughout the drug development process.
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