ROLE OF PLACENTAL AMINOPEPTIDASES DURING PREGNANCY

Paulina Wilczyńska; Barbara Lisowska-Myjak

doi:10.56782/pps.46

Published : 2019-08-07

Vol. 17 No. 1 (2019)

ROLA AMINOPEPTYDAZ ŁOŻYSKOWYCH W PRZEBIEGU CIĄŻY

Paulina Wilczyńska

Barbara Lisowska-Myjak

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.46

Abstract

A balanced activity of proteolytic enzymes is a prerequisite for the preservation of homeostasis in the intrauterine environment of the fetus. Aminopeptidases produced in the placenta are exopeptidases that remove N-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain. These proteolytic enzymes differ both in their localization in placental cells and in their substrate specificity. The major biological role of placental aminopeptidases is the inactivation of metabolically active peptides, a process crucial for the control of adverse metabolic changes during pregnancy. The preservation of a placental barrier prevents the transfer of vasoactive peptides produced by the fetus (oxytocin, angiotensin II, vasopressin) to the mother, resulting in the ability to maintain a normal maternal blood pressure, to control uterine contractility, and to prevent preterm delivery. Reduced activity of aminopeptidases in the placenta leads to uncontrolled increases in the transfer of vasoactive peptides to the mother and as a consequence, to vasospasm-associated complications of pregnancy. This paper discusses the physiological role of placental aminopeptidases in normal pregnancy and the involvement of their abnormal activities in complications of pregnancy such as preeclampsia, gestational hypertension or preterm delivery. This is a literature review focusing on articles published in English between 1988 and 2017, and available in PubMed. The following search terms were used: placental proteases, placental aminopeptidases, preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, premature delivery.

Keywords:

placental proteases, placental aminopeptidases, gestational hypertension, premature delivery

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Wilczyńska, P., & Lisowska-Myjak, B. (2019). ROLA AMINOPEPTYDAZ ŁOŻYSKOWYCH W PRZEBIEGU CIĄŻY. Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.46

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Paulina Wilczyńska

Affiliation:

Katedra Biochemii i Chemii Klinicznej, Wydział Farmaceutyczny z Oddziałem Medycyny Laboratoryjnej, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warszawa Poland

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Barbara Lisowska-Myjak

Affiliation:

Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warszawa Poland