Simple obesity in children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.145Keywords:
obesity, children, Body Mass Index, physical activity, dietary modificationsAbstract
Simple obesity in children is one of the most important global public health problems. It is a chronic, systemic disease caused by a disruption of the body's energy homeostasis. It is characterised by a pathalogical increase in adipose tissue that leads to complications from all systems and organs. The primary cause of simple obesity in children is a disruption in energy homeostasis between calories consumed and calories used per day - a positive energy balance. Treatment of obesity in children includes a structured weight loss programme, tailored individually to each child, involving changes in dietary and lifestyle habits including physical exercise. Medications for simple obesity have limited use in children. Bariatric surgery, on the other hand, is reserved for adolescents suffering from class III obesity. However, it is important to note that there is little evidence regarding the long-term safety of this method in the treatment of simple obesity in children. A literature review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct databases, 2002-2023 for English-language and Polish-language meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomised clinical trials and observational studies from around the world. Websites of scientific organisations, including WHO (World Health Organization), were also included. The aim of this study is to present simple obesity as a disease of civilisation, to analyse the main factors influencing its development, to identify the long-term health consequences and the methods used for the prevention and treatment of simple obesity in children. The ever-increasing proportion of children with simple obesity proves that it is one of the main epidemiological problems of modern humanity.
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