Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth – current, novel and possible future methods of treatment and diagnosis

Mateusz Sobczyk; Mikołaj Porzak; Daria Żuraw; Alicja Sodolska; Paulina Oleksa; Kacper Jasiński

doi:10.56782/pps.196

Data publikacji : 2024-06-17

Tom 22 Nr 2 (2024)

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth – current, novel and possible future methods of treatment and diagnosis

Mateusz Sobczyk

Mikołaj Porzak

Daria Żuraw

Alicja Sodolska

Paulina Oleksa

Kacper Jasiński

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.196

Abstrakt

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a prevalent issue, frequently overlooked in clinical practice. Its prevalence is unknown because SIBO requires diagnostic testing, however, in most studies, SIBO has been detected anywhere from <2% to 22% of healthy controls. Breath tests, which detect the presence of hydrogen in exhaled air, are the most used diagnostic method. However, their low sensitivity and specificity indicate the need for research into new more accurate methods. The standard treatment is antibiotic therapy with rifaximin. After antibiotic therapy, there is a risk of recurrence and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Recurrence ratio after antibiotic therapy have been documented in 12.6% of patients after 3 months, 27.5% after 6 months and 43.7% after 9 months. There are promising results from studies on the use of probiotics and herbal preparations in treatment, but these studies have been conducted on relatively small groups of patients. This indicates the need for multicentre randomised trials with large numbers of patients to develop effective methods for the diagnosis and treatment of SIBO.

Inne teksty tego samego autora

Daria Żuraw, Paulina Oleksa, Mateusz Sobczyk, Kacper Jasiński, Simple Obesity in Children , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 21 Nr 2 (2023)
Paulina Oleksa, Daria Żuraw, Kacper Jasiński, Mateusz Sobczyk, Mikołaj Porzak, Alicja Sodolska, Karolina Haczkur-Pawłowska, Drugs and chemical substances inducing diabetes - review of the literature , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 2 (2024)
Mateusz Sobczyk, Daria Żuraw, Paulina Oleksa, Kacper Jasiński, Mikołaj Porzak, Michał Dacka, SGLT2 inhibitors and their possible use in prevention and treatment of neurological diseases , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 1 (2024)
Michał Dacka, Mateusz Sobczyk , Paulina Dąbrowska , Kamila Giżewska , Michał Żuber , Role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist in acute and preventive treatment of migraine. , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 3 (2024)
Kacper Jasiński, Paulina Oleksa, Daria Żuraw, Mateusz Sobczyk, Mikołaj Porzak, Alicja Sodolska, Bartosz Pawłowski, THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMMUNE-BOOSTING PREPARATIONS IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 3 (2024)

Podobne artykuły

Dominika Winiarz, Kamila Domańska, Kinga Paluch, Dorota Dorota Skrajnowska, PROBIOTYKI A ZDROWIE - DZIŚ I JUTRO , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 15 Nr 10 (2017)
Ewelina Flegiel, english English, English English, English English, English English, English English, English English, English English, English English, English English, English , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 4 (2024)
Jakub Olszewski, Katarzyna Kozon, Magdalena Sitnik, Katarzyna Herjan, Karolina Mikołap, Bartłomiej Gastoł, Maciej Bara, Piotr Armański, Marcin Sawczuk, Mirikizumab – a new option in treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 3 (2024)
Anna Dominiczak, Agata Janczak, Martyna Wołek, Katarzyna Mazurek, Maciej Bara, PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS: PROLONGED INTAKE AND ADVERSE EFFECTS. , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 4 (2024)
Olga Grelewicz, Gabriela Kulbacka, Tomasz Mikuła, Alicja Wiercińska-Drapało, Does testosterone intake affect diagnosing primary HIV infection? , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 21 Nr 1 (2023)
Diana Dolzhko, Natalia Melnyk, Aleksandra Kruk, Sebastian Granica, Jakub Piwowarski, Tradycyjne stosowanie ekstraktów polarnych z kwiatów lawendy – systematyczny przegląd danych literaturowych , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 3 (2024)
Kinga Kocur, Katarzyna Camlet, Anna Ziobro, Mateusz Ziomek, Wojciech Kaźmierski, Paulina Lis, Jakub Jurek, Anna Lis, Renaissance of Ketamine , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 3 (2024)
Magdalena Bamburowicz-Klimkowska, Urszula Bogucka, Mirosław M. Szutowski, FUNKCJE TRANSPORTERÓW TYPU ABC , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 9 Nr 3 (2011)
Natalia Cichoń, Dominika Lach, Joanna Saluk-Bijak, Michał Bijak, LECZENIE ANTYKOAGULACYJNE W OSTRYCH ZESPOŁACH WIEŃCOWYCH I UDARZE NIEDOKRWIENNYM MÓZGU , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 15 Nr 5 (2017)
Szymon Barczak, Barbara Badura, Agnieszka Lembas, Tomasz Mikuła, Alicja Wiercińska-Drapało, Severe course of HIV-related Kaposi’s sarcoma with cutaneous, visceral and oral manifestations in a late-presenting patient , Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences: Tom 22 Nr 2 (2024)

1 2 > >>

Możesz również Rozpocznij zaawansowane wyszukiwanie podobieństw dla tego artykułu.

Szczegóły

Bibliografia

Statystyki

Autorzy

Pobierz pliki

PDF (English)

Zasady cytowania

Sobczyk, M., Porzak, M., Żuraw, D., Sodolska, A., Oleksa, P., & Jasiński, K. (2024). Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth – current, novel and possible future methods of treatment and diagnosis. Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22(2), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.56782/pps.196

Wskaźniki altmetryczne

Cited by / Share

Licencja

Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe.

Bibliografia

Grace, E.; Shaw, C.; Whelan, K.; Andreyev, H.J.N. Review article: small intestinal bacterial overgrowth – prevalence, clinical features, current and developing diagnostic tests, and treatment. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2013, 38, 674–688. DOI: 10.1111/APT.12456 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.12456

Skrzydło-Radomańska, B.; Cukrowska, B. How to Recognize and Treat Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth? J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(20), 6017. DOI: 10.3390/JCM11206017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11206017

Krajicek, E.J.; Hansel, S.L. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Primary Care Review. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2016, 91, 1828–1833. DOI: 10.1016/J.MAYOCP.2016.07.025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.07.025

Rao, S.S.C.; Bhagatwala, J. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Clinical Features and Therapeutic Management. Clin. Trans. Gastroenterol. 2019, 10, e00078. DOI: 10.14309/CTG.0000000000000078 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14309/ctg.0000000000000078

Jacobs, C.; Coss Adame, E.; Attaluri, A.; Valestin, J.; Rao, S.S.C. Dysmotility and proton pump inhibitor use are independent risk factors for small intestinal bacterial and/or fungal overgrowth. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2013, 37, 1103–1111. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12304 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.12304

Efremova, I.; Maslennikov, R.; Poluektova, E.; Vasilieva, E.; Zharikov, Y.; et al. Epidemiology of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. World J. Gastroenterol. 2023, 29, 3400-3421. DOI: 10.3748/WJG.V29.I22.3400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v29.i22.3400

Gudan, A.; Jamioł-Milc, D.; Hawryłkowicz, V.; Skonieczna-Żydecka, K.; Stachowska, E. The Prevalence of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Liver Diseases: NAFLD, NASH, Fibrosis, Cirrhosis-A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Nutrients 2022, 14(24), Art. No: 5261. DOI: 10.3390/NU14245261 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14245261

Rao, S.S.C.; Tan, G.; Abdulla, H.; Yu, S.; Larion, S.; et al. Does colectomy predispose to small intestinal bacterial (SIBO) and fungal overgrowth (SIFO)? Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol. 2018, 9, Art. No: 146. DOI: 10.1038/S41424-018-0011-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41424-018-0011-x

Tansel, A.; Levinthal, D.J. Understanding Our Tests: Hydrogen-Methane Breath Testing to Diagnose Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol. 2023, 14, Art. No: e00567. DOI: 10.14309/CTG.0000000000000567 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14309/ctg.0000000000000567

Gatta, L.; Scarpignato, C.; McCallum, R.W.; Lombardo, L.; Pimentel, M.; et al. Systematic review with meta‐analysis: rifaximin is effective and safe for the treatment of small intestine bacterial overgrowth. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2017, 45, 604-616. DOI: 10.1111/APT.13928 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13928

Franco, D.L.; Disbrow, M.B.; Kahn, A.; Koepke, L.M.; Harris, L.A.; et al. Duodenal Aspirates for Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth: Yield, PPIs, and Outcomes after Treatment at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center. Gastroenterol. Res. Pract. 2015, 2015, Art. ID: 971582. DOI: 10.1155/2015/971582 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/971582

Guo, H.; Lu, S.; Zhang, J.; Chen, C.; Du, Y.; et al. Berberine and rifaximin effects on small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: Study protocol for an investigator-initiated, double-arm, open-label, randomized clinical trial (BRIEF-SIBO study). Front. Pharmacol. 2023, 14, Art. No: 1121435. DOI: 10.3389/FPHAR.2023.1121435/FULL DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1121435

Achufusi, T.G.O.; Sharma, A.; Zamora, E.A.; Manocha, D. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment Methods. Cureus 2020, 12(6), Art. No: e8860. DOI: 10.7759/CUREUS.8860 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8860

Wang, Z.; Li, F.; Liu, J.; Luo, Y.; Guo, H.; et al. Intestinal Microbiota - An Unmissable Bridge to Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury. Front. Immunol. 2022, 13, Art. No: 913178. DOI: 10.3389/FIMMU.2022.913178 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.913178

Dong, L.N.; Wang, M.; Guo, J.; Wang, J.P. Role of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease. Chin. Med. J. 2019, 132, 1610-1614. DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000290 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000000290

Rezaie, A.; Buresi, M.; Lembo, A.; Lin, H.; McCallum, R.; et al. Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2017, 112, 775–784. DOI: 10.1038/AJG.2017.46 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2017.46

Paterson, W.; Camilleri, M.; Simren, M.; Boeckxstaens, G.; Vanner, S.J. Breath Testing Consensus Guidelines for SIBO: RES IPSA LOCQUITOR. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2017, 112, 1888–1889. DOI: 10.1038/AJG.2017.233 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2017.233

Pimentel, M.; Saad, R.J.; Long, M.D.; Rao, S.S.C. ACG Clinical Guideline: Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2020, 115, 165–178. DOI: 10.14309/AJG.0000000000000501 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000000501

Smith, N.W.; Shorten, P.R.; Altermann, E.H.; Roy, N.C.; McNabb, W.C. Hydrogen cross-feeders of the human gastrointestinal tract. Gut Microbes 2019, 10, 270-288. DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1546522 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2018.1546522

Khoshini, R.; Dai, S.C.; Lezcano, S.; Pimentel, M. A systematic review of diagnostic tests for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2008, 53, 1443–1454. DOI: 10.1007/S10620-007-0065-1/METRICS DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-007-0065-1

Erdogan, A.; Rao, S.S.C.; Gulley, D.; Jacobs, C.; Lee, Y.Y.; et al. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: duodenal aspiration vs glucose breath test. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 2015, 27, 481–489. DOI: 10.1111/NMO.12516 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.12516

Kalantar-Zadeh, K.; Berean, K.J.; Ha, N.; Chrimes, A.F.; Xu, K.; et al. A human pilot trial of ingestible electronic capsules capable of sensing different gases in the gut. Nat. Electron. 2018, 1, 79–87. DOI: 10.1038/s41928-017-0004-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-017-0004-x

Singh, S.; Allan, N.; Wahl, C.; Lee, S.N.; Chuang, E.; et al. Sa1717 – Development of a Swallowable Diganostic Capsule to Monitor Gastrointestinal Health. Gastroenterology 2019, 156, Art. No: S-376. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-5085(19)37784-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(19)37784-4

Nickles, M.A.; Hasan, A.; Shakhbazova, A.; Wright, S.; Chambers, C.J.; et al. Alternative Treatment Approaches to Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Systematic Review. J. Altern. Complement. Med. 2021, 27, 108–119. DOI: 10.1089/ACM.2020.0275 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2020.0275

Ginnebaugh, B.; Chey, W.D.; Saad, R. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: How to Diagnose and Treat (and Then Treat Again). Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2020, 49, 571–587. DOI: 10.1016/J.GTC.2020.04.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gtc.2020.04.010

Quigley, E.M.M.; Murray, J.A.; Pimentel, M. AGA Clinical Practice Update on Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Expert Review. Gastroenterology 2020, 159, 1526–1532. DOI: 10.1053/J.GASTRO.2020.06.090 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.06.090

Lauritano, E.C.; Gabrielli, M.; Scarpellini, E.; Lupascu, A.; Novi, M.; et al. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth recurrence after antibiotic therapy. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2008, 103, 2031–2035. DOI: 10.1111/J.1572-0241.2008.02030.X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.02030.x

Shimura, S.; Ishimura, N.; Mikami, H.; Okimoto, E.; Uno, G.; et al. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Refractory Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 2016, 22, 60-68. DOI: 10.5056/JNM15116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5056/jnm15116

Pimentel, M. Review of rifaximin as treatment for SIBO and IBS. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs 2009, 18, 349–358. DOI: 10.1517/13543780902780175 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1517/13543780902780175

Wang, J.; Zhang, L.; Hou, X. Efficacy of rifaximin in treating with small intestine bacterial overgrowth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2021, 15, 1385–1399. DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.2005579 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17474124.2021.2005579

Ponziani, F.R.; Zocco, M.A.; D’Aversa, F.; Pompili, M.; Gasbarrini, A. Eubiotic properties of rifaximin: Disruption of the traditional concepts in gut microbiota modulation. World J. Gastroenterol. 2017, 23, 4491-4499. DOI: 10.3748/WJG.V23.I25.4491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i25.4491

Kim, S.K.; Guevarra, R.B.; Kim, Y.T.; Kwon, J.; Kim, H.; et al. Role of Probiotics in Human Gut Microbiome-Associated Diseases. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2019, 29, 1335–1340. DOI: 10.4014/JMB.1906.06064 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1906.06064

Monteagudo-Mera, A.; Rastall, R.A.; Gibson, G.R.; Charalampopoulos, D.; Chatzifragkou, A. Adhesion mechanisms mediated by probiotics and prebiotics and their potential impact on human health. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2019, 103, 6463–6472. DOI: 10.1007/S00253-019-09978-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09978-7

Skrzydło-Radomańska, B.; Prozorow-Król, B.; Kurzeja-Mirosław, A.; Cichoż-Lach, H.; Laskowska, K.; et al. The Efficacy and Safety of Single-Strain Probiotic Formulations Containing Bifidobacterium lactis or Bacillus coagulans in Adult Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome—A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Three-Arm Interventional Trial. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, Art. No: 4838. DOI: 10.3390/JCM12144838 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144838

Zhong, C.; Qu, C.; Wang, B.; Liang, S.; Zeng, B. Probiotics for Preventing and Treating Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Current Evidence. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2017, 51, 300–311. DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000814 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000000814

Rao, S.S.C.; Rehman, A.; Yu, S.; Andino, N.M. Brain fogginess, gas and bloating: a link between SIBO, probiotics and metabolic acidosis. Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol. 2018, 9(6), Art. No: 162. DOI: 10.1038/s41424-018-0030-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41424-018-0030-7

Wang, J.W.; Kuo, C.H.; Kuo, F.C.; Wang, Y.K.; Hsu, W.H.; et al. Fecal microbiota transplantation: Review and update. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 2019, 118, 23–31. DOI: 10.1016/J.JFMA.2018.08.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2018.08.011

Gupta, K.; Tappiti, M.; Nazir, A.M.; Koganti, B.; Memon, M.S.; et al. Fecal Microbiota Transplant in Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infections: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022, 14(5), Art. No: e24754. DOI: 10.7759/CUREUS.24754 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24754

Chang, B.W.; Rezaie, A. Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Like Symptoms Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: A Possible Donor-Dependent Complication. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2017, 112, 186–187. DOI: 10.1038/AJG.2016.472 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.472

Allegretti, J.R.; Kassam, Z.; Chan, W.W. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Should Screening Be Included in the Pre-fecal Microbiota Transplantation Evaluation? Digest. Dis. Sci. 2018, 63, 193–197. DOI: 10.1007/S10620-017-4864-8/METRICS DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-017-4864-8

Important Safety Alert Regarding Use of Fecal Microbiota for Transplantation and Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions Due to Transmission of Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms | FDA. 2019. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/safety-availability-biologics/important-safety-alert-regarding-use-fecal-microbiota-transplantation-and-risk-serious-adverse (Accessed 21 Jan 2024)

Dionne, J.; Ford, A.C.; Yuan, Y.; Chey, W.D.; Lacy, B.E.; et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Efficacy of a Gluten-Free Diet and a Low FODMAPs Diet in Treating Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2018, 113, 1290–1300. DOI: 10.1038/S41395-018-0195-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41395-018-0195-4

Pimentel, M.; Constantino, T.; Kong, Y.; Bajwa, M.; Rezaei, A.; et al. A 14-day elemental diet is highly effective in normalizing the lactulose breath test. Digest. Dis. Sci. 2004, 49, 73–77. DOI: 10.1023/B:DDAS.0000011605.43979.E1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:DDAS.0000011605.43979.e1

Wielgosz-Grochowska, J.P.; Domanski, N.; Drywień, M.E. Efficacy of an Irritable Bowel Syndrome Diet in the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022, 14(16), Art. No: 3382. DOI: 10.3390/NU14163382 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14163382

Ghosh, G.; Jesudian, A.B. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Cirrhosis. J. Clin. Exp. Hepatol. 2019, 9, 257–267. DOI: 10.1016/J.JCEH.2018.08.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2018.08.006

Madrid, A.M.; Hurtado, C.; Venegas, M.; Cumsille, F.; Defilippi, C. Long-Term treatment with cisapride and antibiotics in liver cirrhosis: effect on small intestinal motility, bacterial overgrowth, and liver function. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2001, 96, 1251–1255. DOI: 10.1111/J.1572-0241.2001.03636.X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03636.x

Soudah, H.C.; Hasler, W.L.; Owyang, C. Effect of octreotide on intestinal motility and bacterial overgrowth in scleroderma. N. Engl. J. Med., 1991, 325, 1461–1467. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199111213252102 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199111213252102

Cui, H.; Zhang, C.; Li, C.; Lin, L. Antibacterial mechanism of oregano essential oil. Ind. Crops Prod., 2019, 139, Art. No: 111498. DOI: 10.1016/J.INDCROP.2019.111498 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111498

Athamneh, K.; Alneyadi, A.; Alsamri, H.; Alrashedi, A.; Palakott, A.; et al. Origanum majorana Essential Oil Triggers p38 MAPK-Mediated Protective Autophagy, Apoptosis, and Caspase-Dependent Cleavage of P70S6K in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2020, 10(3), Art. No: 412. DOI: 10.3390/BIOM10030412 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10030412

Chedid, V.; Dhalla, S.; Clarke, J.O.; Roland, B.C.; Dunbar, K.B.; et al. Herbal Therapy Is Equivalent to Rifaximin for the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. Glob. Adv. Health Med. 2014, 3, 16-24. DOI: 10.7453/GAHMJ.2014.019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7453/gahmj.2014.019

Szopa, A.; Pajor, J.; Klin, P.; Rzepiela, A.; Elansary, H.O.; et al. Artemisia absinthium L.—Importance in the History of Medicine, the Latest Advances in Phytochemistry and Therapeutical, Cosmetological and Culinary Uses. Plants 2020, 9, Art. No: 1063. DOI: 10.3390/PLANTS9091063 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091063

Al-Snafi, A.E. The pharmacology of Equisetum arvense - A review. IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy Www.Iosrphr.Org. 2017, 7, 31–42. www.iosrphr.org (Accessed 19 Jan 2024) DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/3013-0702013142

Mateusz Sobczyk

m.sobczyk1777@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8690-2387

Afiliacja:

a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:83:"Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Stefana Kardynała Wyszyńskiego w Lublinie";} Poland

Mikołaj Porzak

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0548-1950

Afiliacja:

Stefan Kardynał Wyszyński Province Specialist Hospital, al. Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland. Poland

Daria Żuraw

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0815-4322

Afiliacja:

Central Clinical Hospital, University Clinical Center of Warsaw Medical University, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw. Poland

Alicja Sodolska

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3689-7004

Afiliacja:

Lubimed – Family Medicine Center Lublin, ul. Woronieckiego 11, 20-492 Lublin. Poland

Paulina Oleksa

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3474-6156

Afiliacja:

Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin, ul. Doktora Kazimierza Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin Poland

Kacper Jasiński

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3345-2337

Afiliacja:

Stefan Kardynał Wyszyński Province Specialist Hospital, al. Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland. Poland